Essay on Is Narcissism an Adequate Diagnosis

Essay on Is Narcissism an Adequate Diagnosis Essay on Is Narcissism an Adequate Diagnosis Is Narcissism an Adequate Diagnosis? Narcissistic Personality Disorder is a complicated and often misunderstood mental disorder. Narcissistic personality disorder is a psychological in which an individual shows and abnormal obsession with themselves. Narcissism can be easily confused with simple arrogance, but the disorder can range from obsession to a life-consuming neurotic compulsion. The individual suffering from Narcissistic Personality Disorder uses their extreme ego to cover their sense of inferiority, which is the real problem of narcissist; To make the matters worse, for patients suffering from NPD, the disorder is under heavy scrutiny from some psychologist who do not believe it is a sufficient diagnosis and was almost taken out of the DSM. I believe that Narcissistic Personality Disorder is a disorder that should be treated to the same extent as other Mental disorders in the DSM. According to the Mayo Clinic, Narcissistic personality disorder is somewhat new. The term was invented in 1967 to describe an over expression of the narcissism trait that has been recognized since ancient times. the extreme confidence that is exhibited by a person with narcissistic PD is just a front. People with this disorder usually suffer from fragile self-esteem, and they attempt to cover for this by making themselves appear superior to those around them. The cause of Narcissistic Personality Disorder is unknown, although it generally begins to show itself in the early stages of adulthood. People afflicted with this disorder are generally known to be aggressive when confronted with criticism, and they lack the ability to accept their own failure. They are usually manipulative and find it difficult to maintain relationships because of their tendency to use people for their own ends. They exaggerate their talents, using self-glorifying methods to gain attention for themselves a t the expense of others. The treatment of Narcissistic Personality Disorder is debated, but it usually involves some component of psychotherapy. (NPD, 2012) Professor of psychology Aaron Pincus claims that every human being has narcissist qualities, and that the degree to which the respond to challenges to these qualities is what separates the normal person from the narcissistic individual. A narcissist is unable to get over the hurdles that life throws in front of them regarding their own self-image. â€Å"All individuals have narcissistic needs and motives; however, pathologically narcissistic One of the challenges in the study of Narcissistic Personality Disorder is the differentiation between the neurotic condition and the personality trait. A degree of narcissism is acceptable in a healthy person without posing a mental health problem. Narcissism has positive benefits, it is central to the definition of a person’s self-identity, and to their own ego. One of the main challenges psychologist face while studying Narcissistic Personality Disorder has to differentiate between the neurotic condition and the personality trait. Narcissism is acceptable, to a certain degree, in a mentally healthy person. Narcissism has a few positive benefits. Aaron Pincus writes, â€Å"Normal expressions of narcissism may contribute to self-esteem and well-being by increasing an individual’s sense of personal agency† (Pincus, 2009). Therefore psychologists have begun to rely on a test known as the Narcissistic Personality Inventory to diagnose narcissistic PD. The Nar cissistic Personality Inventory that was developed in the early 1970s to diagnose the disorder according to the criteria set by the DSM-III. Pincus states that there are disagreements amongst psychologist about whether or not the Narcissistic Personal Inventory defines narcissism in too broad of a term. Because someone scores high on the NPI does make them a narcissist. Pincus states â€Å"a high NPI scores are negatively associated with trait neuroticism and depression and positively associated with

Intervention Strategies for Students at Risk

Intervention Strategies for Students at Risk Teens who are considered to be at-risk have a plethora of issues that need to be addressed, and learning in school is only one of them. By working  with these teens by using effective intervention strategies for studying and learning, its possible to help guide them on the right educational course. Directions or Instructions Make sure directions and/or instructions are given in limited numbers. Give directions/instructions verbally and in simple written format. Ask students to repeat the instructions or directions to ensure understanding occurs. Check back with the student to ensure he/she hasnt forgotten. It is a rare event for students at risk to be able to remember more than 3 things at once. Chunk your information, when 2 things are done, move to the next two. Peer Support Sometimes, all you have to do is assign a peer to help keep a student at risk on task. Peers can help build confidence in other students by assisting in peer  learning. Many teachers use the ask 3 before me approach. This is fine, however, a student at risk may have to have a specific student or two to ask. Set this up for the student so he/she knows who to ask for clarification before going to you. Assignments The student at risk will need many assignments modified or reduced. Always ask yourself, How can I modify this assignment to ensure the students at risk are able to complete it?  Sometimes youll simplify the task, reduce the length of the assignment or allow for a different mode of delivery. For instance, many students may hand something in, the at-risk student may make jot notes and give you the information verbally, or it just may be that you will need to assign an alternate assignment. Increase One to One Time Students at risk will require more of your time. When other students are working, always touch base with your students at risk and find out if theyre on track or needing some additional support. A few minutes here and there will go a long way to intervene as the need presents itself. Contracts It helps to have a working contract between you and your students at risk. This helps prioritize the tasks that need to be done and ensure completion happens. Each day, write down what needs to be completed, as the tasks are done, provide a checkmark or happy face. The goal of using contracts is to eventually have the student come to you for completion sign-offs. You may wish to have reward systems in place also.​ Hands-On As much as possible, think in concrete terms and provide hands-on tasks. This means a child doing math may require a calculator or counters. The child may need to tape record comprehension activities instead of writing them. A child may have to listen to a story being read instead of reading it him/herself. Always ask yourself if the child should have an alternate mode or additional learning materials to address the learning activity. Tests/Assessments Tests can be done orally if need be. Have an assistant help with testing situations. Break tests down in smaller increments by having a portion of the test in the morning, another portion after lunch and the final part the next day. Keep in mind, a student at risk often has a shortened attention span. Seating Where are your students at risk? Hopefully, they are near a helping peer or with quick access to the teacher. Those with hearing or sight issues need to be close to the instruction which often means near the front. Parental Involvement Planned intervention means involving parents. Do you have an agenda in place that goes home each night? Are parents also signing the agenda or contracts you have set up? How are you involving parental support at home for homework or additional follow up? A Strategy Summary Planned interventions are far superior to remediation approaches. Always plan to address students at risk in your learning tasks, instructions, and directions. Try to anticipate where the needs will be and then address them. Intervene as much as possible to support students at risk. If your intervention strategies are working, continue to use them. If theyre not working, plan for new interventions that will help students succeed. Always have a plan in place for those students who are at risk. What will you do for the students that arent learning? Students at risk are really students of promise be their hero.

The Case of Child pornographer at Cambridge University Essay

The Case of Child pornographer at Cambridge University - Essay Example A trustworthy and recognized institution like the Cambridge University cannot send a wrong message to the international community by such irresponsible actions. Instead, the university should adopt measures which will send a significant message to the wrongdoers in child abuse. I totally agree with Kim Magi’s argument that Cambridge is disrespecting all families that have suffered due to child abuse. It is also important to note that police discovered over 1,500 images of child pornography at his Cambridge University-owned home and the Vice Chancellor seems to suggest that child pornography made at the University-owned home can be overlooked as a silly crime. The total credibility of the institution is brought into question by the Vice Chancellor’s decision and I strongly disagree with this attempt. A profound analysis of the case of child pornographer at Cambridge University confirms that University Vice Chancellor’s decision to allow Dr. Nicholas Hammond to ret urn to his job raises an important question of human morality as well as the credibility of an internationally recognized institution. Child molesters like Hammond are mass murderers and criminals against humanity. It is also important to recognize that a university professor is someone trustworthy and respectable. Nicholas Hammond is a person who has done crime against children as well as his profession. In short, Vice Chancellor’s decision to allow Dr. Nicholas Hammond to return to his job is highly condemnable and must be protested.

Anti-aging food Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Anti-aging food - Research Paper Example They eat whatever comes their way and this is how a vicious cycle starts. Initially they spend money on fast food and as a result of which they start falling ill frequently and then they spend on medicines to get back their lost health and in this process they end up wasting a lot of money, in addition to this it also causes them a lot of trouble which can easily be avoided. Lifestyle is another factor which has serious ramifications on our health; the way one lives determines their life expectancy. People who eat healthy live a healthy life; people who do not do so are deprived of living a healthy life. Anti-aging food has been a revelation, by eating anti-aging food one can live longer and one can also live a very healthy life. People who have tried anti-aging food have been really happy with the results. â€Å"Antioxidant foods called super foods are what provides anti aging health benefits throughout the entire body. Total anti aging health provided by super foods may be the proverbial â€Å"Fountain of Youth†. Instead of 50 being middle age research is now showing that we can extend this middle age to 100 years and do it quite easily. I have been doing this kind of research for over 20 years now. It has become my passion.† (Antioxidant Foods) Not much is known about these foods but it is a well known fact that they are more than capable of curing life-threatening diseases. Diseases like cancer, diabetes and several heart diseases can be cured should one decide to feed on these anti-aging foods. â€Å"Aging is biological process which leads to progressive degenerative changes in all living creatures on earth. Aging is normal and inevitable. Throughout in the human history, people are interested in finding solutions for preventing this aging process. Anti-aging study  is certainly a wide and tough area of research for the scientists. Nowadays, the concept of

Animal Use in Medical Research Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Animal Use in Medical Research - Essay Example However, the use of animals in medical research has long been a bitter debate. On one hand, use of animals is considered unethical for the benefit of the human. In contrast, if the use of animals is curbed altogether, it would lead to disruption of the understanding of health diseases, which would influence the newly developed medical treatments. This essay presents two different perspectives of medical researchers and ethics related to the use of animals on whether the animals should be used in the medical research or not. Finally, the essay ends with favoring the perspective which is most convincing. The perspective of Medical Researchers Use of animals in the medical research plays a vital role in the advancement of the medical sector. Since ages, man has been depending on animals for his survival. All over the world, people are leading a better quality of life due to the development of new medical treatments and medicines. This is made possible only by the research on animals. Me dical research includes acquirement of new knowledge and using animals for testing chemicals and compounds for ensuring safety and guarantee. According to them, no new medicine or drug can be introduced in the market or to the patients, until and unless it is tested on an animal. The new drug, medicine or treatment all over the world is confirmed effective on the basis of the tests done on animals. The techniques of transplantation of organ and open heart surgery are being supported by the surgery on animals.

Marijuana Should Not Be Outlawed Essay Example for Free

Marijuana Should Not Be Outlawed Essay Human laws are based on moral and ethical principles. This applies to almost all existing laws aside from the drug laws. Because of this aspect of the drug laws, much clamor is present as many groups are calling for the legalization of drugs like marijuana. Marijuana and other illegal drugs are not evil but it has gained a negative connotation because of numerous misinterpretations. The prohibition of drugs has also brought about negative effects instead of positive effects. In analysis, legalization may even prove to have more benefits. According to Benson Roe, the professor emeritus and chairman of the Cardiothoracic surgery at the University of California, there is no reason why marijuana, cocaine and heroine would be called poison as these substances have not been proven to have any ill effects on the health of a person. Roe narrated an incident when he was removing destroyed heart valves from a drug user and he got curious and consulted the San Francisco coroner to what extent do illegal drugs cause death. Roe was surprised to find out that the only causes of death coming from drugs come from the very rare cases of overdose and the use of infected intravenous injections. According to the coroner, â€Å"clean, reasonable dosages of heroin, cocaine and marijuana are pathologically harmless† (Roe). It is argued that marijuana causes psychological damage but the truth is no scientific evidence has traced mental illness or psychological damage to the use of marijuana. Marijuana users have been found to exhibit psychological distress after intake of the drug. However, it has been proven that these effects are temporary and will pass away after some time. It has also been argued that the harms brought about by marijuana have been scientifically proven but the Lancet, a British Medical Journal, concluded that based on 30 years worth of research, smoking marijuana is not harmful to health even if it is used in the long-term. Likewise, marijuana use has also been related to brain damage. This was thought to be proven in an earlier study when rhesus monkeys were exposed to marijuana smoke, however, a more reliable study wherein monkeys who were forced to inhale a significant amount of marijuana smoke manifested no brain damage. Anti-drug advocates also argue that marijuana has addictive properties even as evidence points to the direction that marijuana is not addictive. Less than one percent of marijuana smokers smoke marijuana on a daily basis. Majority of the people who smoke marijuana only smoke it occasionally. Some people who wish to stop smoking marijuana have no trouble breaking the habit. Even if a person experiences symptoms from marijuana withdrawal, these are usually mild symptoms (Drug Policy). There is also no reason to classify marijuana as illegal when other substances that have proven to be more addictive and harmful to the health, such as tobacco and alcohol, remain legal. In 2005, the number of deaths that has been associated with marijuana in England and in Wales only totals 19 while tobacco has been associated with 86,500 deaths and alcohol with 6,627 deaths. The number of deaths caused by alcohol and tobacco do not compare to the number of deaths caused by marijuana. Even other drugs which have more notoriety still fall short as heroine and morphine account for only 842 deaths, while cocaine (including crack cocaine) is associated with only 176 deaths (Transform). The use of drugs like marijuana does not affect other people aside from the person ingesting the drug. Technically, a person who uses drugs does not violate the rights of any other person. If a person under the influence of drugs violates the rights of another person or commits a crime, this is the time when he/she should be prosecuted by law. Alcohol remains legal even as drunk people commit heinous and even brutal crimes. The substance is not an excuse for committing a crime and drinking alcohol is not a crime in itself but when a person commits a crime under the influence of alcohol, this is when he/she is prosecuted. The same should apply for the use of drugs (Cussen Block, p. 532). Drugs are not evil per se but it has gained a negative image because of negative propaganda. The media always make use of the phrase â€Å"drug-related† in the presence of a drug in a crime even as the drug has not been indicated as a direct cause of the crime. Usually, the crime is not motivated by the drug. It is usually motivated by another external factor. The media has inadvertently played a role in giving drugs a negative image. This practice has been so common that no one even looks to identify if a crime really is related to drugs (Jackson). The anti-drug lobby also makes use of vague and emotive statements to persuade the people to support their cause (Russell). Even politicians make use of these statements and call for tougher drug laws simply to forward their political careers (Jackson). People interpret these vague and emotive statements differently and this may be identified as a basic element of a black propaganda. In a book entitled Hugs not Drugs: A Drug Abuse Prevention Manual published in the Philippines, the author starts by narrating a story of a studious young girl who got mixed with the wrong set of friends who influenced her to use marijuana. As a result, the young girl dropped out from school and had relationships with men that took advantage of her low self-esteem. After realizing what had happened to her, she decided to undergo rehabilitation. And after a tearful reunion with her parents, she vowed to stay away from drugs. This story is very common and immediately suggests that marijuana caused all the negative things failing to look at other factors which might have caused the girl to behave the way that she did. Additionally, the book indicated that drug use has been directly related with juvenile and even violent crime. However, the book does not cite where the information was taken or what study linked drugs with crime. The book also does not have a clear reference page evidencing that it is not a reliable source. Many critics of drug also make use of violent and obscene images in an attempt to prove that drugs are harmful. Drug prohibition results in too many expenses for the government as the drug laws leads to the incarceration of many non-violent offenders. In 2002, it is estimated that prohibition expenses amounted to $18. 22 billion indicating that â€Å"incarceration is an expensive policy option† (Taylor, Trace Stevens, p. 3-4). Prohibition is not good, in fact, it is even the greatest ally of the drug dealers as drugs are priced very high because they are illegal and not regulated (Jackson, 1998). Legalization will even benefit the general public. Marijuana has been related to crime rate by anti-drug groups but all unbiased studies have pointed to the direction that marijuana does not cause people to do criminal acts. The only crime that marijuana users commit is that they possess the drug (Drug Policy). Additionally, legalization will come with regulation which will eliminate the already minimal number of deaths as a result of drug use. Also, crime rate will decrease because drug prices will be regulated and people would no longer need to resort to crime to be able to buy the drugs. It will also be another source of income for the government as the drug trade will be taxed and the costs of prohibition would be avoided (Roe). No scientific evidence has proven that marijuana is harmful to the health and it also has not been identified as a cause of crime. Because of this information, there is no reason to outlaw marijuana. Legalizing marijuana may even be the better option as it will be a source of income for the government, all the while avoiding the high costs of prohibition. It will also reduce crime rate as well as prevent the incarceration of people that are merely caught possessing drugs. The negative image that drugs have gained is mainly because of negative propaganda.

Chistopher Reeves Essay -- essays research papers

What it means to be a Superman Born on September 25, 1952, native New Yorker Christopher Reeve has lead a life of stardom, coupled with a life of tragedy. Leading a very successful film career, Reeves was on top of the world, until the fifth day of May of nineteen ninety-five. On this day, Reeves life would change forever. However, no tragedy could stop a true Superman. Attending Princeton day academy Reeves was a success from the beginning. His natural talent and charisma made him a shoe-in for the lead in many school plays. Says Reeves "I never once asked my self, who am I, or what am I doing here...right from the beginning the theater was like a home to me." At the age of 16, Reeves already had an agent. While touring the country, Chris decided to pursue a college education. And, thanks to an understanding agent was able to continue his work as a professional actor. "Scheduling gigs around my classes." By nineteen-seventy-six he was starring with Katherine Hepurn on Broadway, and had become in such demand that he gave up his last year at Julliard. After screen testing for the nineteen seventy-eight movie Superman, he was given the lead role as Clark Kent/Superman. Reeve was an outstanding Superman both on and off the screen. He made Clark Kent/Superman a believable character, says Reeves "somebody you can take home and introduce to your parents". This part was just like Reeve, A d...